I would like to more about the people who support and enable the strongmen to gain power, What is their motivations? Please guide the perplexed. Donald Trump's supporters, especially. Irealize one size does not fit all.
I think this article seems on the money about those that vote for DT, and ultimately will be probably putting JDV in the White House as president, since it is rumored he will use Article 25 when he gets in, as our Christo-fascist president.
Reader comment by Robert Ritchie in Joyce Vance’s Substack on Sept 9, 2024
The Cult of Opposition: Understanding the Psychology Behind Trump’s Supporters
In modern political discourse, the relationship between leaders and their supporters often reflects a symbiotic exchange—one of mutual benefit. Typically, a leader provides tangible improvements to the supporters’ lives, who in turn offer their allegiance. However, Donald Trump's presidency introduced a paradigm shift that baffled many analysts. A significant portion of Trump’s base does not measure his success by what he does *for* them, but rather by what he does against those they consider adversaries. This phenomenon raises a critical question: why do Trump's supporters define his success not by policy achievements or personal benefit but by his ability to antagonize perceived enemies? In this research paper, we explore the psychology, sociocultural factors, and communication strategies behind this phenomenon, offering a deep dive into the mechanisms that sustain this unwavering loyalty.
The Psychology of "Othering"
At the heart of this dynamic lies a fundamental psychological concept known as *othering.* Othering refers to the process of creating a division between "us" and "them," where "them" are people deemed different or antagonistic to one's own group. Social identity theory posits that individuals derive part of their self-worth from their membership in groups (Tajfel & Turner, 1979). When Trump attacks certain groups—be they immigrants, Democrats, or marginalized communities—his supporters feel that their in-group (conservative, predominantly white Americans) is being validated. The "other," typically those outside their cultural or political bubble, becomes a target of scorn and aggression. By constantly positioning himself against these groups, Trump reassures his supporters that they are on the winning side of a cultural war.
This is where the success metrics diverge from typical political calculations. Success, in the eyes of Trump's supporters, is not rooted in economic growth or policy achievements, but in the symbolic victories won over those they disdain. Trump’s antagonistic rhetoric serves as a rallying cry for a base that measures success by how effectively he torments the "other."
Fear as a Unifying Emotion
The divisiveness Trump exploits is not built solely on disdain for others but on deep-rooted fear. Research has shown that political conservatism often correlates with heightened fear responses (Hibbing, Smith, & Alford, 2014). These fears manifest in concerns over demographic changes, perceived threats to cultural identity, and economic anxiety—particularly in the wake of globalization and immigration. For Trump’s base, he offers not only validation of their fears but also an outlet for their anxiety: the vilification of outsiders.
By acting against these outsiders—whether through harsh immigration policies, vilification of the media, or incendiary tweets targeting "leftist elites"—Trump provides a sense of catharsis to his supporters. It’s not about building bridges or creating new opportunities; it’s about protecting their identity and keeping perceived threats at bay. In their minds, Trump’s success is defined by his defense of the status quo against forces of change.
The Appeal of a Strongman
This dynamic is exacerbated by the allure of authoritarian leadership, often characterized by a leader who promises protection and order while silencing dissent. Trump's rhetoric—filled with hyperbole, aggressive language, and dismissive attitudes toward political correctness—resonates deeply with those who feel disempowered by societal changes. Studies have shown that authoritarian personalities are drawn to leaders who project strength and offer simple, binary solutions to complex problems (Feldman, 2003). Trump’s combative style against the "other" fits neatly into this framework.
In this context, Trump is seen as the protector, someone who will go to any length to defend his supporters from external threats. His aggressive behavior—though often condemned by critics—is perceived by his base as a strength. In their eyes, his relentless attacks on groups like the media, the "deep state," or racial minorities are evidence of his success as a leader willing to do whatever it takes to secure their safety and identity.
The Role of Media and Propaganda
An essential factor in maintaining this dynamic is the role of right-wing media in amplifying Trump’s actions *against* others while downplaying or ignoring any lack of substantive achievements. Fox News, Breitbart, and other conservative outlets often frame Trump’s attacks on immigrants, liberals, and the media as necessary battles in a larger cultural war. Through selective reporting, these outlets reinforce the idea that Trump’s presidency is less about improving the lives of his supporters through policy and more about the symbolic victories he achieves through opposition to their perceived enemies.
Trump himself understood the power of media manipulation, often stoking controversy to keep his name in the headlines. As noted by philosopher Hannah Arendt, in authoritarian regimes, propaganda serves to simplify the world into friend versus foe (Arendt, 1951). By keeping the public focused on his skirmishes against the "other," Trump ensured that his base remained engaged and energized, even when his policies provided little material benefit to their lives.
The Social Contract of Aggrievement
This relationship between Trump and his supporters can be understood as a kind of *social contract of aggrievement.* While traditional politicians offer economic benefits, infrastructure improvements, or social programs, Trump offers emotional validation. His base, particularly those who feel marginalized by economic shifts or demographic changes, finds solace in his outward displays of aggression. His ability to provoke outrage in the "other" reassures them that they are still relevant in a world they fear is changing too fast.
Interestingly, this contract does not require Trump to follow through on traditional metrics of success like job creation or healthcare reform. His supporters are not primarily concerned with how he improves their lives directly. Instead, they focus on how he reinforces their worldview—one where they are under constant attack and where Trump is their defender. This emotional satisfaction creates a loyalty that transcends policy, rooted instead in the shared sense of grievance and resentment.
Conclusion: A Loyalty That Transcends
In understanding Trump’s success, it is critical to recognize the unique metrics by which his supporters measure his achievements. His base does not primarily seek economic relief or policy victories; they seek validation of their fears and grievances. By acting *against* the "other," Trump provides emotional and psychological sustenance that traditional political figures often fail to deliver. His success, therefore, lies in his ability to symbolize and enact opposition rather than constructively improve the lives of his supporters. As long as Trump continues to antagonize those perceived as threats, his base will remain loyal, even in the absence of tangible benefits.
In the end, the tormenting of the "others" does more than sustain them—it defines them.
Another aspect of the support of the strongman is personality type/disorders. The psychological study by Borris Duspara & Tobias Greitemeyer called " The Dark Tetrad and Political Orientation" shows a disturbing trend.
"Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy and everyday sadism were associated with right wing political orientation, whereas narcissism and psychopathy were associated with political extremism. Machiavellianism turned out to be the most important predictor of the dark side of human personality for political orientation. Machiavellianism is associated with misanthropy, anti-social tendencies, cold heartedness and immoral beliefs."
Those who would support a fascist candidate, likely share a similar personality to that of their hero. It is likely that they have one or more of the Dark Tetrad components. tRump of course has all four.
Maintaining the strongman image helps him to insure that his "Truth" is the only truth that matters. Who needs facts when your "truth" is the strongest. It's why his devotees believe the stupidest, most absurd, crap.
How have we become a nation where 50 - 70+ million adult Americans willingly have joined a cult of personality led by a dementia-addled, ignorant about almost everything, malignant criminal narcissist? Are the cult members so desperate to protect and preserve a world of white male supremacy or do they see Trump as someone who is able to stick his thumb in the eyes of those they hold responsible (Democrats, liberals, women, the LGBT+ community, black/brown people, immigrants) for the perceived plight?
Yes, he's a Pusher Man. He seeds the mind like a Sorcerer. He's a Drug. He's a Stimulant. He's an Opiate. The high letting hatred reign. Violence and Vileness go hand in hand straight into the chthonic pit.
“Merkel, who in 2014 sat for four hours and 15 minutes before he deigned to make an appearance “.
After 30 minutes - she should have left. You teach people how to treat you. She accepted that behavior. If all leaders would leave& not wait for him. Putin would change his tardiness.
Excellent description of 'strongmen'. You are correct, they are 'strong' only in their own view of themselves and others exactly like them. As seen in trump's rant about how Orban respects and loves him. In actuality they are mentally and honorably weak men, who fear any chink in their self made armor.
Agree. Virtually all of these so called strongmen (Stalin, Pinochet, Ceausescu, Orban, Mussolini, tRump etc) are cookie-cutter sociopaths. They are a dangerous combination of a grandiose self image and no conscience.
You've said it Ruth. He is the best propagandist in history- of all the Strongmen. He manipulates the media to strengthen their platform. As I type this, I'm listening to Frank Figluzzi (a respected former FBI agent) talk about the "assassination attempt" of the "former President". That's all Trump needs. Everyone is sharing sympathy (progressives are because they feel like they have to), for a presidential candidate who was golfing and on the flippin' 5th Hole! WHAT THE FORK?
He's a candidate for President? Is this for real? He will exploit this for sympathy! He caused this!!!!! He started this!!! The Haitian community in Springfield, OH drops off the new feed. His relationship with a neonazi propagandist falls off the headline. Taylor Swift will need better security after his "I hate her" post today. He was destroyed in the debate by a prosecutor, Vice President, patriot and experienced candidate for President. And, JD Vance told us- TODAY - that they need to make up stories attached to a group to aid their campaign. All day today, I worked with canvassers. They are going to houses everywhere in this state. Some are coming from out of state. We have someone making calls from Europe for Harris. And yet, TRUMP dominates the news. OMG...PEOPLE- volunteer! Active volunteers will help you. It's fun and exhilarating. Minds are changed. But, everyone needs to know. Trump is the historical MASTER OF PROPAGANDA!
And in the immediate aftermath the Trumpers exploited the situation 1) Trump WAS NOT shot at, but millions of people think he was 2) he stayed at the golf course for 2 more hours 3) almost instantly the sympathy/strongman fundraising began...get involved, be persuasive, know the facts! KamalaHarris.com then go to Issues -policies are all laid out! Project 2025 is explained.
One of the most important ploys of the sociopath/psychopath is the pity ploy. They love to have people saying, poor Donald, look at what they're doing to him! With sympathy comes the forgiveness of his sins. It's a manipulation.
"Power heels, "small sizes," and "other indignities." Thank you for your analysis and for bringing to speech dynamics not only on the national and international stage, but also in many people's personal lives. It is so helpful to call this controlling and disrespectful behavior out.
Without a doubt, Trump and his misogynist MAGA boys are terrified of women. The reaction of such “strongmen” to Angela Merkel are proof positive. (I happily imagine a meeting between Trump *and* the late Golda Meir—didn’t end well.)
Indeed, besides Kellyanne Conway and Laura Loomer - and the self-destructed Kristi Noem - where are the Republican women?
David - My take is that R woman is an oxymoron. These are people who want an excuse for their failures or laziness. They often are also “religious” and use predestination to excuse their failures or laziness. And it’s not just women, it’s all these Christofascists.
What strikes me in the photo of Merkel and trump in the Oval Office is the similarity between her facial expression and Harris's during the debate. Both women looked at trump as though they were thinking, "What is wrong with you??"
I met you last week in Milwaukee and wasn’t sure you could read my note suggesting you check out David Modigliani‘s podcast Pack One Bag on Lemonada so I thought I’d put it in this comment
Very interesting that Angela Merkel is the only leader who would stand up to trump. That tells me that a lot of the male leaders are very weak. One comment about Merkel waiting 4+ hours for Putin to show: I'm willing to bet that if he tried that with Kamala Harris, she wouldn't wait more than an hour, if that. Seeing strong women in action makes me feel good about being female. I thought men were the ones who were supposed to have the cojones to handle everything…
Jason, it took me a few moments of contemplation, but I see that you have made a very astute observation. Those people want power but the only way they can figure out to get it is by hanging onto coattails. Not a pretty picture.
Wanda Sykes on point here. https://www.instagram.com/reel/C_yzDe2yYTm/?igsh=MW5qOGYyZ29wcG5zZw%3D%3D
I didn’t pick the m..frkr up initially but reviewing saw it. Laughed - she even beat him on that one.
I would like to more about the people who support and enable the strongmen to gain power, What is their motivations? Please guide the perplexed. Donald Trump's supporters, especially. Irealize one size does not fit all.
Robert, here’s one reason:
https://youtu.be/KrU6F-S8VMo?si=s6klN6OYK0k3yDOU
I think this article seems on the money about those that vote for DT, and ultimately will be probably putting JDV in the White House as president, since it is rumored he will use Article 25 when he gets in, as our Christo-fascist president.
Reader comment by Robert Ritchie in Joyce Vance’s Substack on Sept 9, 2024
The Cult of Opposition: Understanding the Psychology Behind Trump’s Supporters
In modern political discourse, the relationship between leaders and their supporters often reflects a symbiotic exchange—one of mutual benefit. Typically, a leader provides tangible improvements to the supporters’ lives, who in turn offer their allegiance. However, Donald Trump's presidency introduced a paradigm shift that baffled many analysts. A significant portion of Trump’s base does not measure his success by what he does *for* them, but rather by what he does against those they consider adversaries. This phenomenon raises a critical question: why do Trump's supporters define his success not by policy achievements or personal benefit but by his ability to antagonize perceived enemies? In this research paper, we explore the psychology, sociocultural factors, and communication strategies behind this phenomenon, offering a deep dive into the mechanisms that sustain this unwavering loyalty.
The Psychology of "Othering"
At the heart of this dynamic lies a fundamental psychological concept known as *othering.* Othering refers to the process of creating a division between "us" and "them," where "them" are people deemed different or antagonistic to one's own group. Social identity theory posits that individuals derive part of their self-worth from their membership in groups (Tajfel & Turner, 1979). When Trump attacks certain groups—be they immigrants, Democrats, or marginalized communities—his supporters feel that their in-group (conservative, predominantly white Americans) is being validated. The "other," typically those outside their cultural or political bubble, becomes a target of scorn and aggression. By constantly positioning himself against these groups, Trump reassures his supporters that they are on the winning side of a cultural war.
This is where the success metrics diverge from typical political calculations. Success, in the eyes of Trump's supporters, is not rooted in economic growth or policy achievements, but in the symbolic victories won over those they disdain. Trump’s antagonistic rhetoric serves as a rallying cry for a base that measures success by how effectively he torments the "other."
Fear as a Unifying Emotion
The divisiveness Trump exploits is not built solely on disdain for others but on deep-rooted fear. Research has shown that political conservatism often correlates with heightened fear responses (Hibbing, Smith, & Alford, 2014). These fears manifest in concerns over demographic changes, perceived threats to cultural identity, and economic anxiety—particularly in the wake of globalization and immigration. For Trump’s base, he offers not only validation of their fears but also an outlet for their anxiety: the vilification of outsiders.
By acting against these outsiders—whether through harsh immigration policies, vilification of the media, or incendiary tweets targeting "leftist elites"—Trump provides a sense of catharsis to his supporters. It’s not about building bridges or creating new opportunities; it’s about protecting their identity and keeping perceived threats at bay. In their minds, Trump’s success is defined by his defense of the status quo against forces of change.
The Appeal of a Strongman
This dynamic is exacerbated by the allure of authoritarian leadership, often characterized by a leader who promises protection and order while silencing dissent. Trump's rhetoric—filled with hyperbole, aggressive language, and dismissive attitudes toward political correctness—resonates deeply with those who feel disempowered by societal changes. Studies have shown that authoritarian personalities are drawn to leaders who project strength and offer simple, binary solutions to complex problems (Feldman, 2003). Trump’s combative style against the "other" fits neatly into this framework.
In this context, Trump is seen as the protector, someone who will go to any length to defend his supporters from external threats. His aggressive behavior—though often condemned by critics—is perceived by his base as a strength. In their eyes, his relentless attacks on groups like the media, the "deep state," or racial minorities are evidence of his success as a leader willing to do whatever it takes to secure their safety and identity.
The Role of Media and Propaganda
An essential factor in maintaining this dynamic is the role of right-wing media in amplifying Trump’s actions *against* others while downplaying or ignoring any lack of substantive achievements. Fox News, Breitbart, and other conservative outlets often frame Trump’s attacks on immigrants, liberals, and the media as necessary battles in a larger cultural war. Through selective reporting, these outlets reinforce the idea that Trump’s presidency is less about improving the lives of his supporters through policy and more about the symbolic victories he achieves through opposition to their perceived enemies.
Trump himself understood the power of media manipulation, often stoking controversy to keep his name in the headlines. As noted by philosopher Hannah Arendt, in authoritarian regimes, propaganda serves to simplify the world into friend versus foe (Arendt, 1951). By keeping the public focused on his skirmishes against the "other," Trump ensured that his base remained engaged and energized, even when his policies provided little material benefit to their lives.
The Social Contract of Aggrievement
This relationship between Trump and his supporters can be understood as a kind of *social contract of aggrievement.* While traditional politicians offer economic benefits, infrastructure improvements, or social programs, Trump offers emotional validation. His base, particularly those who feel marginalized by economic shifts or demographic changes, finds solace in his outward displays of aggression. His ability to provoke outrage in the "other" reassures them that they are still relevant in a world they fear is changing too fast.
Interestingly, this contract does not require Trump to follow through on traditional metrics of success like job creation or healthcare reform. His supporters are not primarily concerned with how he improves their lives directly. Instead, they focus on how he reinforces their worldview—one where they are under constant attack and where Trump is their defender. This emotional satisfaction creates a loyalty that transcends policy, rooted instead in the shared sense of grievance and resentment.
Conclusion: A Loyalty That Transcends
In understanding Trump’s success, it is critical to recognize the unique metrics by which his supporters measure his achievements. His base does not primarily seek economic relief or policy victories; they seek validation of their fears and grievances. By acting *against* the "other," Trump provides emotional and psychological sustenance that traditional political figures often fail to deliver. His success, therefore, lies in his ability to symbolize and enact opposition rather than constructively improve the lives of his supporters. As long as Trump continues to antagonize those perceived as threats, his base will remain loyal, even in the absence of tangible benefits.
In the end, the tormenting of the "others" does more than sustain them—it defines them.
I will be writing about that very soon!
Another aspect of the support of the strongman is personality type/disorders. The psychological study by Borris Duspara & Tobias Greitemeyer called " The Dark Tetrad and Political Orientation" shows a disturbing trend.
"Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy and everyday sadism were associated with right wing political orientation, whereas narcissism and psychopathy were associated with political extremism. Machiavellianism turned out to be the most important predictor of the dark side of human personality for political orientation. Machiavellianism is associated with misanthropy, anti-social tendencies, cold heartedness and immoral beliefs."
Those who would support a fascist candidate, likely share a similar personality to that of their hero. It is likely that they have one or more of the Dark Tetrad components. tRump of course has all four.
Excellent piece Ruth! The strongmen of this old cosmic blue ball have finally met their master!
Maintaining the strongman image helps him to insure that his "Truth" is the only truth that matters. Who needs facts when your "truth" is the strongest. It's why his devotees believe the stupidest, most absurd, crap.
How have we become a nation where 50 - 70+ million adult Americans willingly have joined a cult of personality led by a dementia-addled, ignorant about almost everything, malignant criminal narcissist? Are the cult members so desperate to protect and preserve a world of white male supremacy or do they see Trump as someone who is able to stick his thumb in the eyes of those they hold responsible (Democrats, liberals, women, the LGBT+ community, black/brown people, immigrants) for the perceived plight?
Yes.
Yes, he's a Pusher Man. He seeds the mind like a Sorcerer. He's a Drug. He's a Stimulant. He's an Opiate. The high letting hatred reign. Violence and Vileness go hand in hand straight into the chthonic pit.
“Merkel, who in 2014 sat for four hours and 15 minutes before he deigned to make an appearance “.
After 30 minutes - she should have left. You teach people how to treat you. She accepted that behavior. If all leaders would leave& not wait for him. Putin would change his tardiness.
I'm pretty sure Kamala Harris would not stick around very long in that situation.
Germany has always needed Russian oil and gas
Excellent description of 'strongmen'. You are correct, they are 'strong' only in their own view of themselves and others exactly like them. As seen in trump's rant about how Orban respects and loves him. In actuality they are mentally and honorably weak men, who fear any chink in their self made armor.
Agree. Virtually all of these so called strongmen (Stalin, Pinochet, Ceausescu, Orban, Mussolini, tRump etc) are cookie-cutter sociopaths. They are a dangerous combination of a grandiose self image and no conscience.
You've said it Ruth. He is the best propagandist in history- of all the Strongmen. He manipulates the media to strengthen their platform. As I type this, I'm listening to Frank Figluzzi (a respected former FBI agent) talk about the "assassination attempt" of the "former President". That's all Trump needs. Everyone is sharing sympathy (progressives are because they feel like they have to), for a presidential candidate who was golfing and on the flippin' 5th Hole! WHAT THE FORK?
He's a candidate for President? Is this for real? He will exploit this for sympathy! He caused this!!!!! He started this!!! The Haitian community in Springfield, OH drops off the new feed. His relationship with a neonazi propagandist falls off the headline. Taylor Swift will need better security after his "I hate her" post today. He was destroyed in the debate by a prosecutor, Vice President, patriot and experienced candidate for President. And, JD Vance told us- TODAY - that they need to make up stories attached to a group to aid their campaign. All day today, I worked with canvassers. They are going to houses everywhere in this state. Some are coming from out of state. We have someone making calls from Europe for Harris. And yet, TRUMP dominates the news. OMG...PEOPLE- volunteer! Active volunteers will help you. It's fun and exhilarating. Minds are changed. But, everyone needs to know. Trump is the historical MASTER OF PROPAGANDA!
And in the immediate aftermath the Trumpers exploited the situation 1) Trump WAS NOT shot at, but millions of people think he was 2) he stayed at the golf course for 2 more hours 3) almost instantly the sympathy/strongman fundraising began...get involved, be persuasive, know the facts! KamalaHarris.com then go to Issues -policies are all laid out! Project 2025 is explained.
Nobody has voiced any concern for Kamala Harris or Tim Walz's safety. This bothers me more than another phony "assassination attempt" on the Donald.
One of the most important ploys of the sociopath/psychopath is the pity ploy. They love to have people saying, poor Donald, look at what they're doing to him! With sympathy comes the forgiveness of his sins. It's a manipulation.
Made Merkle wait for over four hours. What an inconsiderate bastard!
craziness but on brand
"Power heels, "small sizes," and "other indignities." Thank you for your analysis and for bringing to speech dynamics not only on the national and international stage, but also in many people's personal lives. It is so helpful to call this controlling and disrespectful behavior out.
Without a doubt, Trump and his misogynist MAGA boys are terrified of women. The reaction of such “strongmen” to Angela Merkel are proof positive. (I happily imagine a meeting between Trump *and* the late Golda Meir—didn’t end well.)
Indeed, besides Kellyanne Conway and Laura Loomer - and the self-destructed Kristi Noem - where are the Republican women?
David - My take is that R woman is an oxymoron. These are people who want an excuse for their failures or laziness. They often are also “religious” and use predestination to excuse their failures or laziness. And it’s not just women, it’s all these Christofascists.
Of the three women that I know who are tRump supporters, all three are Dominionist Christians. They are religious bigots.
What strikes me in the photo of Merkel and trump in the Oval Office is the similarity between her facial expression and Harris's during the debate. Both women looked at trump as though they were thinking, "What is wrong with you??"
I met you last week in Milwaukee and wasn’t sure you could read my note suggesting you check out David Modigliani‘s podcast Pack One Bag on Lemonada so I thought I’d put it in this comment
It was great to meet you, Phyllis, thanks for the rec!
Merkel waiting 4 hours? She should have gotten up and left. Even in college we had to wait only 20minutes for the professor if he/she was a Doctor.
Very interesting that Angela Merkel is the only leader who would stand up to trump. That tells me that a lot of the male leaders are very weak. One comment about Merkel waiting 4+ hours for Putin to show: I'm willing to bet that if he tried that with Kamala Harris, she wouldn't wait more than an hour, if that. Seeing strong women in action makes me feel good about being female. I thought men were the ones who were supposed to have the cojones to handle everything…
Susan - That picture reminds me of all the Rshits who now bend the knee to the Lyin’ King!
Jason, it took me a few moments of contemplation, but I see that you have made a very astute observation. Those people want power but the only way they can figure out to get it is by hanging onto coattails. Not a pretty picture.
Tomorrow I will begin canvassing in NC!
thank you for doing this Yvonne